Astrophysics in Cambridge — at the Planetarium!

As part of the Cambridge Science Festival, Noreen Grice, the operations coordinator of the Charles Hayden Planetarium at the Museum of Science in Boston, hosted a series of presentations that feature new research in astrophysics taking place in Cambridge. Specifically, she highlighted the work of the Chandra X-Ray Observatory, in Kendall Square, as well as scientists at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics and MIT.


Click here: for Noreen Grice’s presentation at the planetarium (30 minutes)
Click here: for an interview with Noreen Grice (15 minutes)

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2 Responses to Astrophysics in Cambridge — at the Planetarium!

  1. rodrifor March 12, 2009 at 5:32 am #

    revolução graceliana na astronomia.

    os astros não são atraidos, mas sim impulsionados para fora pela radiação.

  2. ancelmo October 12, 2008 at 10:39 am #

    Cosmology- cosmophysics-graceliana-autocosmo.
    Author – Ancelmo Graceli Luiz.
    Ancelmoluizgraceli@hotmail.com
    Tel. 27- 32167566 Street Itabira, nº 5, Itapemirim Set, Rose of the
    Penha, Cariacica, -269, E.S. cep.29143 Brazilian, professor,
    graduation in philosophy and theoretical researcher. Published books
    ASTRONOMY, and WORLD Of the PHYSICAL INTERACTIONS.
    Collaborator – Marcio Piter Rangel.
    Presented work the SECT- Spirit Brazil Saint. E the Brazilian Society
    of Physics. Introduction published in the WEB for the Vestibule Brazil
    Factor – Channel Profile. In day 30.01.2008. If other theories with
    beddings and you formulate had had acceptance, why these will not
    have? Therefore, it possesss all the beddings and all the forms of
    calculations, and that the reality and the comment until today reached
    are confirmed with. With more than one hundred and ten formulas, the
    most varied forms of if calculating one same phenomenon, with more
    than two hundred beddings in all the areas of the modern physics.
    Also, with new forecasts inside of cosmology and astronomy.
    Presented the Magazine of Education of the SBFISICA. Soced. Bras. de
    Física. Brazilian Journal of Physics – SBFISICA

    COSMOFÍSICA and ASTROPHYSICS.
    PRODUCER OF ITSELF.
    The universe is an alive and dynamic system of production and
    estruturação, where it produces its proper energy for its
    functioning, estruturação and dynamics, being that the energy
    magnifies to the ratio that goes carrying through its functioning, and
    is a stream system, where the same interaction that produces the
    elements chemical, produces the astros for fusing. E also produces
    fields, maser, high temperatures, dynamics, orbits, structures of the
    astros, and the removal in the universe. Or either, it is a producer
    of itself, its structure and its functioning. Thus, it is a constant
    production of integration and disintegration.
    AGE OF THE UNIVERSE.
    With this, it can be deduced that the universe does not possess an
    origin determined in the time, much less in some place of the space,
    and it does not possess an origin determined in the estruturação of
    the substance and the astros that compose it. However, it has infinite
    age, therefore the dense space always was there and producing energy,
    substance, until arriving the astros.
    FORM OF BEING OF THE UNIVERSE
    Of contraction for the dense space. Of removal for the maser.
    Of aglutinação for the material of the maser.
    The universe passes for streams while it produces the chemical
    elements in the interactions of nuclear fusing in the center of the
    astros, where produces energy when processing the physical
    interactions and to produce its structure of astros, orbits and
    dynamics.
    ON the MOVEMENT
    If the related movement this with the maser, high
    temperatures, and physical interactions in the inward of the astros
    that are untied in the dense space to develop its dynamics. Soon the
    movement is natural and dynamic, and varies as the situations of
    energy production where if it finds astro. E if the dynamics obey a
    stream, then the movement is dynamic, disforme and variable.
    ON The DENSE SPACE.
    Dense space produces the substance, while the produced substance
    already produces the astros and the chemical elements go being casting
    in the secondary stars and.
    ON the SUBSTANCE
    The substance is filaments of the contracted dense space, that
    go to structuralize the chemical universe in substance, astros,
    elements, maser, high temperature, and in the dynamic auto universe.
    ON the COSMO
    The universe is auto dynamic and while it produces the energy
    the physical interactions go being processed, and the maser acting and
    spreading the substance, the astros are in dynamics for the proper
    energy and maser, the chemical elements evolve and if they improve,
    improving the substance and structuralizing the universe, cosmo if
    contracts for the dense space, and if it widens for the action of the
    maser, then the universe is alive and auto dynamic.
    ON the TIME
    The time does not exist, what it exists is the timer of the
    memory marked for the functioning of the brain as conscience form of
    that happens between intervals of events. We can consider the
    secondary time as something, that it exists in function of the
    functioning of the conscience produced for the functioning of the
    brain. The speed of the timer of the man is the speed of functioning
    of the human brain.
    ON the REMOVAL And WIDENING Of the COSMO.
    Thus, the dynamics of the universe is proceeding from the constant
    maser, therefore that its widening if finds in decreasing progression.
    E the astros had appeared of the aglutinação of the dense space,
    while the maser and the high temperatures disintegrate the astros.
    Soon in the future and this part and period of training of the
    universe where in we find them the astros will be more cold and
    lesser.
    Thus, the astros are untied and free in the space, and not imprisoned
    for presumptions fields, where the rotation of the galaxies is minor
    who the translation. While the substance appears of the dense space,
    where the astros are produced, others is formed in other points of the
    space, while the dynamics is common to all the astros and not only in
    the galaxies. Test of this we have in the solar system. With this we
    see that the widening is a constant production for the maser, and not
    for supposed a great explosion. Therefore the same phenomenon that
    produces the translation, rotation, orbits, also produces the
    widening, therefore that the removal is gradual decreasing, it grows
    gradually, however it has a percentage of decrease in the progression.
    The universe will tend if to waste and if to dilute in lesser astros,
    and with little energy, while in other parts it will initiate other
    universes with the material of the dense space. The universe possesss
    three basic forms of production 1 – structural, that it produces the
    substance and of the form, 2-other of action who gives to life the
    substance, that is the physical interactions, energy and maser in the
    inward of the astros. 3 – of production of new astros and chemical
    elements.
    ON the FORMATION And AGE Of the ASTROS Of The SOLAR SYSTEM
    It is confirmed that the asteroids are not perfectly round,
    therefore in its majority are a little flattened and prolongated. One
    confirms that they are resulted of expelled tablets of material of
    some planet or the Sun, being masses inteiriça and produced of one
    alone moment, while planets and satellites are astros round, where if
    confirms that it had a slow formation of overlapping of components of
    its elementary schools expelled for masers. This if confirms that the
    spherical ones had taken more time to form themselves, and confirms
    the displayed theory here.
    Third part.
    COSMOFÍSICA OF INTERACTIONS And ENERGY.
    The universe could not appear of a ball of energy or substance to blow
    up, therefore it would appear to the question, of where this ball
    appeared of substance, and how much time it was there before the
    explosion, and what it formed it.
    We see that the production of the substance and energy is a constant
    process of nuclear fusing, evolution of chemical elements and
    estruturação of new astros and galaxies in the space and other
    constant phenomena that form our slow universe. Soon, the universe is
    without beginning and end, in the time, the space, the materialization
    and production.
    The phase of the astrophysics and cosmofísica, that is of the
    production of energy, maser and of the disintegration for maser and
    the integration of material with little temperature in the space, and
    where the peripheral astros had appeared.
    If the universe had appeared of a great explosion the substance
    already would exist before the universe, and this not and possible of
    being, what we see in the truth is that the substance is part of a
    slow process, as the formation of the chemical elements is slow, as it
    is slow and constant the formation of the astros and the proper
    universe.
    One of the forceful tests of the slow formation of the universe and
    its beginning of is for inside if closing on itself until becoming
    materialized, and that the astros are constituted of layers with
    greaters and minors densities, some layers ones on the others, and a
    gradual cooling until the inward of the astros. Soon, the universe
    would not appear of a point, of inside for is.
    STRUCTURES IN LAYERS.
    Thus, the universe for being a slow process, and of is for inside and
    done of layers, evidences in the rotation and dynamics of Saturn
    rings, as also in the structure of the atom, and in the structure of
    the planet Land, or same in the atmosphere of the Land and Jupiter.
    The substance and the universe are made of are for inside for the
    dense space, and the astros also for the material of the maser.
    A great explosion would not give beginning to the universe, therefore
    it was itself the case already would exist before the explosion, and
    what he would produce the structure and the energy to blow up.
    The chemical elements also weighed are products of a slow process of
    formation.
    PHASES – SOME UNIVERSES.
    It has some universes. Of bubble of dense space, of energy of dense
    space, and of the free substance in the space, and of the substance
    estruturalizada in astros and the maser and high temperatures.
    The fields, atoms, astros and proper cosmo as a whole are determined
    by the energy and intensity of the physical interactions where they
    meet as also the orbits, dynamic of the astros and atoms. Exactly the
    evolution of the chemical elements and evolution of the substance and
    astros and cosmo as a whole is resulted of the intensity of the
    physical interactions and production of energy.
    The stars shine thanks to the spontaneous nuclear fusing in its cores,
    where light elements are transformed into chemical elements weighed.
    We see in the universe that while stars diminish others blossom
    everything this if it gives in a slow process of creation and hashing
    in new elements and new astros.
    With this cosmo if becomes the infinite in its origin and in the
    production, we see that it has some types of older universes ones,
    other new and other different ones, that it is created by a calm God,
    constructing the cosmos, beings and souls for the good.
    PLEA Of the EXPANSION.
    What it gives an appearance to have an immense expansion are the
    translation and the rotation of the galaxies, in the truth the
    translation is immensely bigger that the removal between the astros.
    If the astros were if moving away straight-line for the age proposal
    until from the universe, all the astros would be so distant here that
    would be impossible to see nor the Sun, the more the red of Doppler
    effect. One concludes that the universe is not in expansion, but yes
    in translation and rotation, and a minimum removal billions of lesser
    times of that any translation.
    All the galaxies are if opening as a sunflower, or either, if moving
    away from its center, and in translation and rotation therefore that
    we have a notion of an immense expansion, however that is an
    appearance of the effect of the translation and rotation of the
    galaxies, therefore of the the opposite they would be infinitely
    distant one of the others, being impossible to register its same
    position or any form of light, even though of the Sun. A time that
    possesss infinite origin and constant production.
    Therefore we have notion of that all are if distanciando of the Sun,
    therefore with rotation and translation effect Doppler for red is
    registered with big intensity, and that it gives an appearance of that
    the Sun is in the center of the universe, therefore the movement is
    translacional and rotational of that of removal.
    If the expansion was product of a great explosion the galaxies
    infinitely distant and already would be parked in the space. Thus, for
    being possible to detect the appearance of the galaxies and its
    dynamics, it evidences that the universe did not originate from a
    great explosion and nor the supposed expansion is product of a great
    explosion, then the universe is infinitely old, and its supposed
    expansion is origin and product of its maser, and is braked by the
    dense space. E has left of that we detect as expansion is the
    appearance of the translation and rotation of the galaxies.
    With the time for the formation of the substance, with the time of the
    evolution of the chemical elements, formation of the astros,
    esferficação of the external structure of the astros, if see that
    the universe is infinitely old, then if the supposed expansion is
    related to supposed a great explosion would not give to detect the
    existence of the galaxies in the space, therefore they would be
    infinitely distant.
    As also, of where the substance would appear to produce a great
    explosion.
    The origin of the substance for the dense space, evolution of the
    chemical elements, formation and esferificação almost that perfect
    of the astros, layers of atmosphere and structure of the astros and
    the existence of the galaxies it confirms the theory of the origin of
    the universe for the dense space, the production of the universe for
    the physical interactions and fusing. E the dynamics for the energy,
    impulse for the maser and the physical interactions, as also the
    cosmic brake of the dynamics of the astros for the dense space. Thus,
    the universe was not produced at one alone moment in a great explosion
    and also it does not meet in expansion, but yes in a minimum and
    insignificant removal, billions of lesser times of that any speed of
    translation and is easy to visualize.
    If the planet Neptune has as many kilometers of removal of the Sun and
    it it developed today until how many rollbacks around the Sun and with
    that speed. This calculation serves for any astro.
    CALCULATION OF REMOVAL OF THE UNIVERSE.
    Removal in km of the elementary school/number of rollbacks on the
    elementary school * arc of
    distancia in km of the translation = the approach value of one removal
    astro since the beginning of its formation.
    Example.
    The ray of the Sun until the Land has 150.000.000 of km, being that I
    circulate it in rollback it has 3,5 times approximately this ray, and
    that the Land already gave 1.000.000 of rollbacks more than, or
    either, to calculate the removal of the Land, have that
    Amaltéia satellite if evidences that it folloies with its translation
    the Jupiter rotation, as a son next to the mother.
    This in only comes to confirm them the displayed one until here, that
    the satellites if originate from filaments of gases of the atmosphere
    of the planets, and that the translation if originates together with
    the origin of the proper satellite, or same can be said that they
    before exactly of being one astro already meet in dynamics.
    The rotation of the elementary school espirala and condenses next to
    the equator the atmosphere, where of this espiralamento of gases goes
    to form new astros, that these gases already meet in translacional
    dynamics and variation and density in its form and structure.
    The gas that forms a spiral cinturão if processes and moves for one
    alone point next to the equator, for two reasons, magnetism of astro
    and centrifuga of rotation, where it goes to start to give beginning
    to a sphere, that is the esferificação process that will become in
    astro. To if forming it it will be distanciará giving condition other
    successive ones that they will come if to structuralize.
    Thus, the paths are,
    1-Formação of the atmosphere for the maser, and shift of this
    atmosphere on astro for the proper action of the maser.
    2-Espiralamento of the atmosphere for the rotation of astro and shift
    of the atmosphere, that if dislocates next to the equator.
    3-Esferificação of this spiral atmosphere with translation.
    4-A sphere beyond the translation and removal that already possuía,
    also passes if to distanciar of the elementary school that formed it.
    E the process continues, while astro if moves away and translada, also
    starts to produce its rotation.
    Therefore that amount of translation, removal and rotation depend on
    all energy in processing of astro, that it goes to produce all maser
    of astro in the space. E therefore that when aging all dynamics tends
    to diminish, therefore already spent almost everything that could.
    FREE DYNAMICS, PROPER And DECREASING For the ENERGY.
    One confirms that the dynamics is proper of astro and proportional its
    energy, and that the astros are free in the space, and this freedom
    and maser make with that they move away themselves from its elementary
    schools. Soon, if they move away themselves for maser cannot be
    attracted.
    CONCLUSION.
    COSMOFÍSICA.
    Considerações.
    Tests of that the universe is processes of infinite estruturação.
    What test that the universe if structure for a slow process is through
    the esferificação of the astros and that the land to be formed of
    core and layers, therefore test that the astros are formed of
    overlapping of small materials that had been expelled by others.
    Therefore if the universe was produced at one moment for a great
    explosion the land alone would be formed by a inteiriço tablet. With
    the esferificação and layers if test that the universe is billions
    of older times of the one than if it thinks today.
    E if is infinitely old and considering the speed and the appearance
    for the observed red, with this if it concludes that we would not see
    the sun and no star in the space, therefore the time that if finds in
    speed they would be infinitely distant, and would not be capable to
    observe none astro in the space.
    Considerações on a theory of cosmology and astronomy.
    A theory of cosmology and astronomy must be based on the general
    universe, of the origin of the substance, of particles, origin of the
    chemical elements and its estruturação, processing, and evolution,
    nuclear fusing of the astros, maser, temperature, estruturação and
    structure of the astros, the universe as a system in evolution in its
    constitution macro, generality and micron.
    What it is the universe. It is dense space, densificada substance,
    processes and structure, streams and evolution, without beginning and
    end.
    The structure of the dense space. As the gases that are light,
    invisible and they float the dense space is millions of times less
    densificado.
    False hypothesis of the great explosion. Everything before blowing up
    first has that to be formed of some element, or some structure of
    substance or dense space, then the hypothesis of the great explosion
    is false.
    On the cosmological time.
    The cosmological time is the time that represents the energy and
    processing in a system of astros.
    Cosmofísica.
    Universe of lowermost processes.
    What componhe and determines cosmo in its structure is its physical
    processes,
    production of particles and chemical elements and its evolution, in
    the cores where the fusing estelares happens, or either, the universe
    micron determines the macro and the generality, a system of galaxies
    alone goes to confide conforms the intensity of physical processes
    that are produced in the system. It will have chemical lights and
    forms and streams, components, fusing in agreement the general
    physical processing.
    Of the multiplicity of the universe.
    The universe is multiple, or either, is several in some periods of
    training of origin, processing, estruturação, stream and
    disintegration. It has origin for the density of the space that forms
    the substance, later the energy and during the process he forms the
    chemical elements and the astros.
    Of the stream of the universe.
    The universe if structure of are for inside [ for integration of the
    dense space ] after inside for are [ for disintegration of the
    substance ] for the processes and fusing of the substance and in the
    cores of the astros. It comes back if to reintegrate forming astros
    minors and with little energy, later if disintegrates in maser, and if
    it reintegrates in astro, and the stream and processes it continues
    until the substance if to become diffuse and with little energy.
    As example if it has of the dense space and the substance, of the
    substance to astro, the star that produces maser, that go to produce
    planets, that goes to produce maser and atmosphere, that goes to
    produce maser, rings and satellites, and the stream and estruturantes
    and desistruturantes processes continue infinitely until the diffuse
    substance.
    Where it takes the substance to evolve and to produce the elements
    chemical. Thus the universe is infinite and without definitive form.
    Thus, the universe if finds in contraction and internal widening, but
    not in expansion and yes in lowermost removal, if it finds in
    translation and rotation, estruturação, streams and evolution of its
    components. While some start its origin, others meet in streams and
    processes, while others already meet in the final phase that is in
    diffuse substance.
    Nuclear Cosmofísica. Nuclear fusing.
    The nuclear fusing of the stars keeps for a good time the temperature
    of the astros, with this it makes with that the universe if processes
    slowly, and can keep its stream and evolution of the substance and
    chemical elements and helps it transforms it light elements into
    heavy, and goes to produce the energy and dynamics of the astros, for
    that secondary the most distant ones possess dynamic little and the
    orbits are more irregular. Or either, satellites of planets, planets
    of stars.
    Thus, the universe and its stream and estruturação if must its
    production of energy, as also the evolution of the elements and the
    dynamics of the astros.
    The energy production goes to also determine the layers and
    esferificação of the astros. Not expansionista and not stationary
    universe. Thus one confirms that the universe if finds in lowermost
    removal and not in expansion, and it does not meet parked therefore
    possesss rotation, translation, streams, evolution and other
    phenomena.
    Evolutivo. One meets in evolution in its structure micron and macro,
    of the elements to the astros. E if eternalizes as substance with
    diffuse density. He is not arched and nor straight. Comment. The
    theory of the energeticidade and maser that deals with astronomy will
    be presented in another text. With more than one hundred and ten
    formulas proving the two theories, therefore use diameter, maser,
    temperature, rotation and equatorial speed. Distancia E not use mass
    or gravitation

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